Call us now:
Book an appointment
Free case evaluation
Pay the bill online
Deny Liability
When you are denied liability from your defendant, your lawyer can issue court proceedings on your behalf, forcing the defendant to agree to a settlement if they’re guilty of their actions.
Blame You For Your Injuries
An attorney is essential if you’re blamed for your injuries in court. You could either be liable for incidental charges or denied of it, which is the jury’s decision.
Ask For A Medical Release
When you’re asked for a medical report for your injury, you can take the help of an attorney to submit it in court and gain your share of compensation from the opposition.
Offer A Quick Or Low Settlement
In case of accident settlements, if they are low and unsatisfactory, an attorney will help you to settle on a higher amount by reclaiming and re-analyzing the offered amount.
fighting wrongful acts of sheer negligence or spite.
Motor Vehicle Accidents
They occur when there is negligence of the driver, which can lead to a settlement or a trial, depending on the intensity of injury and the party at fault.
Nursing Home Abuse
These incidents occur when caregivers in nursing or elderly homes abuse their residents. These abuses include sexual abuse, mental trauma, physical abuse, and many more.
Daycare Neglect/Abuse
They generally occur in daycare centers where young children and infants are victims of the act. Again, a personal injury lawyer can help gain justice for the victim in such circumstances.
Dog Bite Accidents
Injuries caused due to dog bites generally occur in children, and it also demands the help of a personal injury attorney for legal justice.
Ashley P. Cox
Personal Injury Attorney
John K. Rutledge
Amanda R. Nickols
Testimonials
thankful to the entire team.”
Check Out Our Latest Updates
Google Scholar Case Law: A Practical Guide for Lawyers and Legal Researchers
Legal research can drain both time and budget, especially for solo practitioners, small firms, and in‑house teams. While premium research platforms still dominate serious litigation work, Google Scholar case law has become a powerful, free supplement that many lawyers underuse or misunderstand.
Used correctly, Google Scholar case law search helps you:
- Find key opinions quickly
- Check how a case has been treated by later courts
- Explore unfamiliar areas of law before you commit to deeper research
- Support lighter‑value matters where premium tools may not be cost‑effective
This guide walks you through what Google Scholar case law offers, how to use it effectively, and where its limits lie, so you can use it confidently in your legal practice.
What Is Google Scholar Case Law?
Google Scholar is Google’s specialized search engine for scholarly materials: journal articles, books, theses, and court opinions. When you use the case law option in Google Scholar, you are searching a database of judicial decisions rather than general web pages.
Key points about the Google Scholar case law database:
- It includes many federal and state court opinions from the United States, especially appellate decisions.
- Coverage often goes back decades, and for some courts, over a century.
- Decisions are typically text‑searchable, allowing you to search within the full opinion.
- Opinions usually display a neutral citation, reporter citations, and basic party and court information.
- Each case entry includes tools to explore how later cases have treated that decision.
However, it is not an official reporter and not a complete substitute for traditional legal research services. Coverage and updating can vary by jurisdiction and court.
Why Lawyers Should Care About Google Scholar Case Law
You may already have access to paid research tools. So why bother with Google Scholar?
Because, when used properly, Google Scholar case law provides real advantages:
- Cost control: Ideal for early case assessment, low‑value disputes, or quick checks when a full subscription service login is not justified.
- Speed: Very fast keyword and party‑name searching, especially when you already know what you are looking for.
- Accessibility: You can access it from almost any device with a browser, without VPNs or firm logins.
- Training tool: Junior lawyers, interns, and law students can practice research methods on a free platform before moving to premium tools.
- Cross‑checking: A second source to confirm you have not missed a major case, or to spot additional authorities.
You should think of Google Scholar case law as a first look and backup tool, not your only source when the legal issue is central to your matter.
Getting Started: Basic Case Law Search in Google Scholar
Using Google Scholar for case law is straightforward once you know where to look.
1. Switch to Case Law Search
When you open Google Scholar:
- Make sure the search mode is set to “Case law” rather than “Articles”.
- This tells Google Scholar to pull results from its database of court opinions, not academic articles.
2. Set the Correct Jurisdiction
Next, set your jurisdiction:
- Choose “Federal courts” if you are researching U.S. federal law.
- Choose one or more state courts when you need state‑specific authority.
- You can often select multiple jurisdictions if your issue spans more than one.
Always confirm your jurisdiction before you rely on any result. The right answer from the wrong court will not help your client.
3. Search by Party Name
If you already know the case name, you can:
- Enter both parties, for example:
Smith v. Jones - Or use a distinctive party name plus a keyword, such as a company name and a legal issue.
This is useful when you have heard of a case in conversation or from a brief but do not yet have the citation.
4. Search by Citation
When you have a reporter citation, type it into the search bar:
- Example format:
123 F.3d 456or similar. - Google Scholar usually recognizes standard citations and takes you directly to the opinion.
This is a quick way to pull up the full text of a case somebody else has cited.
5. Search by Keywords and Phrases
For issue‑based research:
- Use phrases in quotation marks for exact matches:
"strict liability design defect" - Combine terms with AND / OR:
negligence AND "duty to warn" - Exclude unwanted terms with a minus sign:
"summary judgment" negligence -employment
These simple tools help refine Google Scholar case law results so you see opinions that match your legal issue more closely.
Advanced Techniques to Get More from Google Scholar Case Law
Once you are comfortable with basic search, a few additional features can dramatically improve your results.
1. Sort by Relevance or Date
After running a search, you can:
- Sort by relevance to see opinions with stronger matches to your search terms.
- Sort by date to surface the most recent cases first.
For legal research, you often start with relevance to understand the doctrine, then switch to date to ensure the law is current.
2. Use the “Cited by” Feature
Every case result includes a “Cited by” link:
- Clicking it shows later opinions and articles that have cited the case.
- This functions like a basic citator, helping you:
- Find more recent authorities on the same issue
- See whether later courts followed, distinguished, or criticized the opinion
This is one of the most valuable aspects of Google Scholar case law for lawyers trying to track the development of a doctrine.
3. Use “How cited” to Read Treatment Snippets
For many opinions, Google Scholar offers a “How cited” view:
- You see short excerpts from later cases where your decision is discussed.
- These snippets highlight the portions of your case that other courts focused on.
- You can quickly tell whether later decisions relied on the same rule or limited it.
While this is not as comprehensive as a full citator service, it gives you a fast, practical sense of how the case stands.
4. Refine Within Results
When you have too many hits:
- Add more specific terms related to your fact pattern (e.g., “rear‑end collision,” “non‑compete agreement,” “punitive damages”).
- Use quotation marks for key phrases.
- Limit by court or date range if those filters are available for your search.
Think of this like any other Google search: start broad, then narrow until the results become manageable and on point.
Practical Ways Lawyers Use Google Scholar Case Law
Here are realistic scenarios where Google Scholar case law is especially useful:
Early Case Assessment
You just met a potential client with a novel fact pattern. Before you invest in hours of paid research, you:
- Run a quick Google Scholar search on the key legal issues.
- Skim a handful of leading cases to assess the strength of the claim or defense.
- Decide whether the matter justifies deeper, paid research.
Quick Citation Checks
You are drafting a brief and need to:
- Confirm a citation someone else included.
- Pull the language of a specific holding or test.
- Verify the date and court of an opinion.
Typing the citation into Google Scholar will usually bring up the full opinion in seconds.
Supporting Lower‑Value Matters
For small disputes, traffic tickets, minor contract issues, or early settlement negotiations:
- You can use Google Scholar case law to find supporting authorities without incurring significant database charges.
- While you still must ensure accuracy, this can keep legal costs proportional to the stakes.
Training and Education
For junior lawyers, law clerks, or students:
- Google Scholar offers a free environment to practice search strategies.
- They can experiment with keyword combinations, refine queries, and learn how case law builds over time using the “Cited by” function.
Limitations and Ethical Considerations
Despite its strengths, Google Scholar case law has important limitations every lawyer should understand.
1. Incomplete Coverage
- Not all courts or time periods are fully covered.
- Some jurisdictions may have gaps, especially for older or lower‑level court opinions.
- Unpublished or memorandum decisions may be missing, even when they exist in other systems.
You should not assume that “no result” in Google Scholar means no case exists.
2. Updating and Currency
- While Google Scholar updates regularly, it is not an official citator.
- You cannot rely on it alone to determine whether a case is still good law when the issue is central to your matter.
- Critical authorities should be cross‑checked against:
- Official court websites
- Reporter systems
- Subscription citators when available
Your duty of competence includes ensuring that the law you cite is current and controlling.
3. Citation Format and Local Rules
- Google Scholar often shows neutral citations and multiple reporter citations.
- Local court rules may require specific formats, abbreviations, or reporters.
- You remain responsible for conforming to:
- Jurisdiction‑specific citation rules
- Any applicable local standing orders or style guides
Do not simply copy and paste citations without verifying them.
4. Confidentiality and Search Practices
As with any web‑based tool:
- Be cautious about combining client names with sensitive facts in search queries.
- Use generic issue‑based terms when possible to reduce unnecessary exposure of confidential details.
Best Practices for Using Google Scholar Case Law in Practice
To make the most of Google Scholar case law while staying within professional standards, keep these best practices in mind:
- Always set the jurisdiction first. Federal vs. state and the specific state or circuit matter for binding authority.
- Start broad, then refine. Begin with general keywords, then narrow using phrases, additional terms, and filters.
- Use multiple search methods. Combine party‑name searches, citation searches, and keyword searches for a more complete picture.
- Read beyond the headnotes or snippets. Always read the full opinion sections that matter to your issue, not just highlighted phrases.
- Check the date and subsequent history. Newer cases may have limited or overruled older authorities; look at “Cited by” and “How cited” and cross‑check when the issue is crucial.
- Cross‑verify key authorities. For major motions, appeals, or complex questions, confirm your research through official sources or subscription databases.
- Keep a research trail. Note the search terms you used, key cases found, and how later cases treated them, just as you would with any other research method.
Conclusion: Make Google Scholar Case Law Work for You, Not Against You
When you understand its strengths and weaknesses, Google Scholar case law becomes a valuable part of your research toolkit:
- It gives you fast, free access to a large body of judicial opinions.
- It helps you explore issues, confirm citations, and track how cases have been treated.
- It supports cost‑effective research, especially for early assessments and lower‑value matters.
At the same time, it does not replace comprehensive research when the legal issue is central to your client’s case. Coverage gaps, updating limits, and citation nuances mean you must still apply professional judgment and verify critical authorities.
Used wisely, Google Scholar can help you deliver efficient, informed legal work while keeping costs under control—and that is a real advantage for both you and your clients.
Surviving a Pitbull Onslaught: A Comprehensive Guide
Imagine this scenario: You’re strolling under the vast Texas sky, basking in the warm glow of the sunset. Suddenly, your tranquility is shattered by a low growl. You turn to look – and there they are. A pitbull, its muscular body taut with aggression, eyes fixed on you. It’s a terrifying situation, but one that is not entirely impossible in the Lone Star State. This guide is here to arm you with the knowledge needed to survive such a pitbull onslaught.
Recognizing the Threat
The first step in any self-protection strategy is to know what you’re up against. In this case, it’s the American Pitbull Terrier. This breed, recognized by its stocky build and powerful jaws, is often misunderstood and unfairly maligned. However, there is no denying that an aggressive pitbull can pose a significant threat.
Physical Characteristics
The pitbull is a medium-sized dog, usually weighing between 30-85 lbs. They are muscular, with a wide head and a short, shiny coat. Colors range from white, black, brindle, and shades in between. The pitbull’s jaws are its most formidable weapon, capable of exerting tremendous pressure.
Behavioral Traits
Pitbulls are known for their tenacity. They’re strong, agile, and often relentless once they’ve targeted something. This trait, unfortunately, makes them a potential threat if they become aggressive.
The Onset of an Attack
Prior to an onslaught, a pitbull may exhibit several behavioral cues. It’s crucial to pay attention to these warning signs.
Visual Signs
The pitbull’s body language speaks volumes. Look for a rigid body, raised hackles, and a stiff tail. The pitbull may also stare intently, its ears perked up and forward.
Auditory Cues
Growling, snarling, or barking are clear auditory signals of a potential attack. A low, guttural growl, in particular, is a very serious warning sign.
Survival Strategies: Reacting to a Pitbull Attack
This is the crux of the matter. What do you do if a pitbull attack is imminent? First, don’t panic. Your actions can either de-escalate or exacerbate the situation.
Stand Your Ground
Running from a pitbull may trigger its chase instinct. Instead, stand still, keep your hands by your sides, and avoid direct eye contact, which can be interpreted as a challenge.
Protect Vital Areas
Shield your face, neck, and chest by keeping these areas out of the pitbull’s reach. If you have an object like a jacket or a bag, use it as a makeshift shield.
Use a Distracting Object
If you have something on hand that you can throw – a stick, a toy, even a handful of dirt – use it. The aim is to distract the pitbull long enough for you to retreat.
Post-Attack Procedures: How to Respond
If, unfortunately, you’ve been bitten, it’s critical to respond promptly and appropriately. Here, you have to balance your immediate medical needs with legal considerations. And in this area, Texas law has some specific stipulations.
Seek Medical Help
First and foremost, seek medical attention. This holds true even for minor injuries, as dog bites can lead to infections and other complications.
Report the Incident
Under Texas law, any animal bite should be promptly reported to local animal control authorities. This helps establish a record of the incident, which can be crucial for legal reasons.
Document the Attack
Take photographs of your injuries and the location of the attack. Collect names and contact information of any witnesses. These steps are vital in case you decide to pursue a legal claim.
If you’re wondering what to do if pit bull attacks, this link provides more in-depth information.
Potential Legal Recourse: A Primer on Texas Dog Bite Laws
In Texas, the liability for a dog bite falls under the “one bite rule.” This means the dog owner can be held liable if they knew their dog had a tendency to bite and didn’t take reasonable steps to prevent the attack.
Evidence of Prior Knowledge
To establish liability, you need to show that the dog owner was aware of their pet’s aggressive tendencies. This could be through prior incidents of biting, or aggressive behavior witnessed by others.
Negligence Claim
In some cases, you might be able to make a negligence claim. This requires proving that the owner failed to exercise reasonable care in controlling their dog, which led to your injury.
In all these steps, it’s essential to consult with a legal professional. Dog bite laws can be complex, and having an experienced professional on your side can be a game-changer.
In Conclusion
Surviving a pitbull onslaught involves a combination of quick thinking, self-defense techniques, and a strong understanding of your legal rights. Remember, though, every situation is different, and the best course of action depends on the specifics of the encounter. The aim of this guide is to offer a general strategy, not a guaranteed solution. Your safety, above all, is paramount.
How to React if a Pit Bull Strikes: A Survival Guide
Note: This guide is strictly informational and should not be taken as medical or legal advice. Please consult with professionals for specific situations.
Introduction
In the heart of Texas, the land of wide-open plains and larger-than-life personalities, you may encounter a variety of life’s trials and tribulations. Among these, one that you may never anticipate is an unfortunate encounter with a Pit Bull. Renowned for their muscular physique and intimidating demeanor, Pit Bulls are a dog breed that has been unfairly stigmatized and misunderstood. However, the reality remains that any dog, regardless of breed, can pose a threat if they feel threatened or provoked.
This comprehensive guide was crafted to arm you with the knowledge and preparedness to react effectively if a Pit Bull or any dog should strike. Our aim is to ensure your safety, while also reinforcing the importance of understanding canine behavior and responsible pet ownership.
Sensing the Imminent Danger
Understanding canine behavior is crucial in mitigating potential risks. Dogs, including Pit Bulls, often exhibit signs of agitation, fear, or aggression before striking. These signs may include:
- Growling or snarling: A low, rumbling sound from the dog’s throat is a clear indication of its discomfort or agitation.
- Baring teeth: When a dog pulls back its lips and shows its teeth, it’s a universal sign of aggression or fear.
- Stiff body posture: If the dog’s body seems rigid or its tail is held high and rigid, these are signs of potential aggression.
- Locked gaze: If the dog’s eyes are locked onto you or another person or animal, it could mean that it views the target as a threat.
- Raised fur along the back: This is a less well-known sign, but it’s a key indicator of a potentially aggressive dog.
Remember, these signs are not exclusive to Pit Bulls. They are universal canine behaviors that signal discomfort or aggression.
Initial Response: Stay Calm and Avoid Provocation
If you find yourself in the presence of a potentially aggressive dog, the first instinct may be panic. However, it’s crucial to maintain a calm demeanor. Dogs, like many animals, can sense fear and agitation, which may potentially escalate the situation.
Instead, practice these steps:
- Remain still: Rapid movement can provoke the dog further. Stand still, avoid direct eye contact, and keep your hands by your sides.
- Speak softly: While maintaining a calm demeanor, speak to the dog in a gentle, soothing voice. This can sometimes help to calm an agitated dog.
- Slowly back away: Without turning your back on the dog, begin to slowly back away. Never turn and run, as this may trigger the dog’s chase instinct.
If a Dog Attack is Inevitable: Protect Yourself
In the unfortunate scenario where a dog attack becomes inevitable, it’s important to protect yourself as effectively as possible. Here are some guidelines:
- Use a barrier: If possible, place an object between yourself and the dog. This could be a bag, a jacket, a bicycle, or anything else at hand. The aim is to divert the dog’s attack onto the object rather than yourself.
- Protect your face, chest, and throat: These are vital areas. If you are knocked over, curl into a ball, covering your ears and neck with your hands and keeping your knees drawn up to your chest.
- Don’t attempt to pull away: If the dog has latched onto you, resist the instinct to pull away, as this could result in more severe injuries.
Post-Attack: Immediate Action and Reporting
After surviving a dog attack, the next steps are crucial to ensure your physical health and legal protection. To learn more about this, visit what to do if pit bull attacks you.
- Seek immediate medical attention: Even if the injuries seem minor, it is crucial to get medical help as soon as possible. In addition to visible wounds, dog bites can also result in bacterial infections.
- Report the incident: Contact your local animal control agency or non-emergency police line to report the incident. This is crucial to help prevent future attacks and to enforce responsible pet ownership.
- Document everything: Take photographs of your injuries, the location where the attack occurred, and the dog (if it’s safe to do so). Also, make a note of the incident while it’s fresh in your memory.
Final Thoughts
It’s important to remember that any dog, regardless of breed, can pose a risk if they feel threatened or provoked. Understanding canine behavior, knowing how to respond to potential aggression, and taking appropriate steps after an attack can help ensure your safety and the welfare of the animals in your community.
Remember that Texas law holds pet owners responsible for their pets’ actions. If you’ve been the victim of a dog attack, you may be entitled to compensation for your medical bills, lost wages, and pain and suffering. Consult with a professional to discuss your legal options.
This guide serves as a beacon of knowledge, casting light onto a topic shrouded in misinformation and fear. With this knowledge at your disposal, you can navigate the Texan landscape with increased confidence and security.
How to Build a Bulletproof Hit and Run Case
In the expansive state of Texas, where the roads stretch as wide as the horizon itself, there’s a menace that lurks in the shadows: the hit and run offender. This unscrupulous individual strikes when least expected, leaving victims in a whirl of confusion, pain, and uncertainty. But fear not, dear reader! The law firm of Joe I. Zaid & Associates is here to guide you step by step on how to build a bulletproof case against these uncivil cowards. Remember, that justice doesn’t just happen; it’s a result of careful preparation, meticulous investigation, and determined advocacy. So, let’s get into the nitty-gritty details, shall we?
Understanding the Hit and Run Offense
First things first, we need to understand the beast we’re up against. A hit and run offense in the Lone Star State is when a driver involved in a motor vehicle accident—whether it’s with another vehicle, a pedestrian, or fixtures on the highway—fails to stop and identify themselves or render aid if necessary. This is a serious violation of the Texas Transportation Code, not just a social faux pas!
Immediate Actions to Take After a Hit and Run Incident
Immediately after a hit and run accident, your adrenaline might be pumping, your heart racing like a wild stallion. But it’s crucial to stay calm and follow these steps:
Safety First
Make sure you’re out of harm’s way. If you can, move your vehicle to a safe location. Check yourself and any passengers for injuries.
Dial 911
Dial 911 to report the accident. Make sure to provide clear and accurate information about the incident to the dispatcher. You might be shaken up, but remember, every little detail can help in building your case.
Document the Scene
If you’re physically able, take pictures of the accident scene, your vehicle, and any injuries. Look for skid marks, broken glass, or any other evidence that might be useful later.
Seek Witnesses
Look around for any potential witnesses. If you find any, ask for their contact information and a brief statement about what they saw.
Seek Medical Assistance
Even if you don’t feel injured immediately after the accident, it’s still crucial to seek medical assistance. Some injuries may not manifest until later.
Reporting the Incident
After the initial shock has worn off, it’s time to report the incident to the local authorities and your insurance company.
Report to the Police
Make sure to report the incident to the local police within 24 hours. Provide as much detail as possible about the accident and the fleeing driver. Remember, the devil’s in the details!
Report to Your Insurance Company
Contact your insurance company and inform them about the accident. Remember to be honest and detailed about the incident and your injuries.
Building Your Case
Now, it’s time to build your case. This is where the services of a skilled and experienced attorney like the ones at Joe I. Zaid & Associates can prove invaluable. Here’s just a taste of what they can do for you:
Gathering Evidence
Your attorney will help gather all the necessary evidence to prove that you were the victim of a hit and run accident. This can include photos from the scene, witness statements, and medical records. You may find this article on how to prove a hit and run particularly useful.
Identifying the Driver
Your lawyer will work tirelessly to help identify the hit and run driver. This might involve working with the police, reviewing traffic camera footage, and even hiring a private investigator.
Negotiating with Insurance Companies
Insurance companies can be tougher than a Texas Longhorn bull. Your attorney will fight tooth and nail to ensure you get the compensation you deserve.
Filing a Lawsuit
If negotiations fail, your attorney will file a lawsuit on your behalf. They will represent you in court, present the evidence, and advocate for your rights.
The Aftermath
After the dust has settled, it’s crucial to remember that you’re not alone. There are resources available to help you cope with the physical and emotional aftermath of a hit and run accident.
Conclusion
Being involved in a hit and run accident can be a traumatic experience, but remember, justice can be served. With the help of a seasoned professional like Joe I. Zaid & Associates, you can build a robust case that stands as sturdy as the Alamo. Don’t let the hit and run driver get away with their reckless actions; fight for your rights and get the compensation you deserve.
You can reach out to Joe I. Zaid & Associates at 281-990-5200 or visit their office at 4710 Vista Rd. Suite E Pasadena, TX 77505. Remember, justice waits for no one, so act now!
A Guide to Texas Personal Injury Law
Injuries and accidents occur in the blink of an eye, even before realizing the events around us. Yet, every year, thousands of people undergo emotional and physical trauma due to negligence and live with their lingering effects on the body and mind.
Personal injuries generally pose a lasting impact on the injured lives, leaving them stressed and confused. Dealing with medical bills, damage, lost wages, hassles of insurance companies, and much other havoc will drastically affect their day-to-day lives. However, states like Texas have introduced personal injury attorneys who can help injured victims deal with this crisis.
What is Personal Injury Law?

Personal Injury law is a term that deals with victims who suffered loss or injury due to the negligence of the accused. Unlike criminal law, personal injury law helps the victim (plaintiff) gain compensation from the accused (defendant) with the help of personal injury lawyers.
The following categories fall under personal injury cases:
- Child abuse and injury
- Dog bites
- Medical malpractice
- Wrongful death
- Auto, truck, and workplace accidents
- Slip and fall accidents
- Product liability
Role of a Personal Injury Lawyer
Once the wrongful incident occurs, a personal injury lawyer is hired to deal with the turmoil of the case. The attorney begins their work by collecting evidence on the incident and helping with insurance claims and policies. In addition, they contain photo evidence and witness statements and file for a temporary restraining order in the court to prevent damage or evidence tampering.
Once the case is filed in court, the victims and the defendant’s personal injury attorney begin their pretrial arguments, known as a discovery process. The process includes depositions, collection of further evidence, investigation, and many more procedures.
Once enough data and evidence are collected, a settlement offer begins. If the defendant and the victim cannot settle on a solution, then the attorneys fight for it under a trial in court.
Texas Laws for Personal Injury cases

The Civil Practice and Remedies Code governs all personal injury cases in Texas. This section of law defines the following:
- Duties of care
- Liability
- Damages
- Statutes of limitations
- Recovery
- Determining negligence
The law dictates every individual in society act responsibly without putting another party at risk or danger. An injured victim under a personal injury claim seeking financial recovery is expected to show that a person in a similar circumstance would act differently.
Texas personal injury laws are also governed by shared fault rules, which state that if several parties injure a victim, their compensation will be shared among people or businesses which caused the injury. However, the law also offers a 51% bar rule, which means if the victim is 51% or more responsible for these actions, they’re not eligible for compensation of any kind!




